This material consists of pure copper containing ultrafine particles of aluminum oxide (10 nm average size) which are uniformly dispersed in copper matrix. Aluminum oxide is produced by a process during which oxygen reacts with aluminum in copper lattice in the solid state. AL2O3 is very hard and thermally stable. It has no solubility in copper and no AL2O3 growth or diffusion occurs at elevated temperatures. These particles strengthen the copper while minimally reduce its electrical and thermal conductivity.
Electrode tips are made from ARTRODE in different male and female types mainly by cold forging and in some cases by machining. Dimensional accuracy and consistency are guaranteed by using high precision carbide dies.